I've wondered about the same thing; seen this on G36 lowers, but I don't believe they were meant to be mated with a host gun sharing the same SerNo. 'Figured this is some new requirement that was placed on HK by German export laws. Nice to know that they are original HK manufactured lowers since I've noticed that the small Date Code that used to be placed in the aft part of the grip seems to have gone the way of the Dodo Bird. I'd bet it won't take long before some clone manufacturer fakes these markings; HK Parts.net seems to come to mind...
My understanding is that new ones are marked and match the bolt, receiver, and barrel serial numbers. Picked up a new sp5kpdw and all parts matched. Germany treats each of those parts as if it was a full gun.